Nutrition and Diet Therapy 6th Edition Test Bank

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Chapter 4: Protein

1.     Which of the following is not a complete protein?

2.     Baked beans

3.     Beef liver

4.     Cottage cheese

5.     Pork steak

Ans: 1

	Feedback
1.	Grains, vegetables, legumes, nuts, and seeds contain incomplete protein. Complete proteins supply all nine essential amino acids in sufficient quantity to maintain tissue and support growth. Meat, poultry, fish, eggs, milk, and cheese are sources of complete protein.
2.	Complete proteins supply all nine essential amino acids in sufficient quantity to maintain tissue and support growth. Meat, poultry, fish, eggs, milk, and cheese are sources of complete protein.
3.	Complete proteins supply all nine essential amino acids in sufficient quantity to maintain tissue and support growth. Meat, poultry, fish, eggs, milk, and cheese are sources of complete protein.
4.	Complete proteins supply all nine essential amino acids in sufficient quantity to maintain tissue and support growth. Meat, poultry, fish, eggs, milk, and cheese are sources of complete protein.

KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort | Cognitive Level: Knowledge

2.     In addition to carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, proteins are characterized by the presence of:

3.     Calcium

4.     Nitrogen

5.     Sodium

6.     Sulfur

Ans: 2

	Feedback
1.	Proteins are composed of four elements: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.
2.	Proteins are composed of four elements: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.
3.	Proteins are composed of four elements: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.
4.	Proteins are composed of four elements: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.

KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort | Cognitive Level: Comprehension

3.     Essential amino acids are those:

4.     Available from grains

5.     Essential to body processes

6.     Manufactured by the body because they are essential to life

7.     Unable to be synthesized in adequate amounts by the body

Ans: 4

	Feedback
1.	An amino acid is classified as essential if the body is unable to make it in sufficient amounts to meet metabolic needs. All essential amino acids must be available in the body simultaneously and in sufficient quantity for the synthesis of body proteins.
2.	An amino acid is classified as essential if the body is unable to make it in sufficient amounts to meet metabolic needs. All essential amino acids must be available in the body simultaneously and in sufficient quantity for the synthesis of body proteins.
3.	An amino acid is classified as essential if the body is unable to make it in sufficient amounts to meet metabolic needs. All essential amino acids must be available in the body simultaneously and in sufficient quantity for the synthesis of body proteins.
4.	An amino acid is classified as essential if the body is unable to make it in sufficient amounts to meet metabolic needs. All essential amino acids must be available in the body simultaneously and in sufficient quantity for the synthesis of body proteins.

KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort | Cognitive Level: Knowledge

4.     Protein provides how many kilocalories per gram?

5.     2

6.     4

7.     5

8.     9

Ans: 2

	Feedback
1.	Proteins provide 4 kilocalories per gram.
2.	Proteins provide 4 kilocalories per gram.
3.	Proteins provide 4 kilocalories per gram.
4.	Proteins provide 4 kilocalories per gram.

KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort | Cognitive Level: Knowledge

5.     One milk exchange contains how many grams of protein?

6.     4

7.     6

8.     8

9.     10

Ans: 3

	Feedback
1.	One milk exchange provides 8 grams of protein.
2.	One milk exchange provides 8 grams of protein.
3.	One milk exchange provides 8 grams of protein.
4.	One milk exchange provides 8 grams of protein.

KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort | Cognitive Level: Knowledge

6.     Anabolism describes the process of:

7.     Building tissue

8.     Destroying worn-out or infected tissue

9.     Too few kilocalories and insufficient protein

10.   Use of body protein for glucose production

Ans: 1

	Feedback
1.	Anabolism is the building up of tissues.
2.	Catabolism is the breaking down of tissues into simpler substances that the body can use or eliminate.
3.	Marasmus occurs with the intake of few too kilocalories and insufficient protein.
4.	Gluconeogensis refers to the process in which the body uses protein for glucose production.

KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort | Cognitive Level: Comprehension

7.     A protein-containing substance secreted directly into the bloodstream to regulate body processes is called a(n):

8.     Enzyme

9.     Hormone

10.   Antibody

11.   Nucleoprotein

Ans: 2

	Feedback
1.	Enzymes act as catalysts, influencing the speed at which a chemical reaction takes place, but they do not actually enter into the reaction.
2.	Hormones are chemicals secreted by various organs to regulate body processes. They are secreted directly into the bloodstream.
3.	An antibody is produced by the body in response to the presence of a foreign substance or a substance that the body senses to be foreign.
4.	Nucleoproteins are regulatory complexes that direct the maintenance and reproduction of the cell.

KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort | Cognitive Level: Knowledge

8.     Which of the following is a source of complete protein?

9.     Peanut butter

10.   Winter squash

11.   Chicken nuggets

12.   Whole-grain bagel

Ans: 3

	Feedback
1.	Nuts, such as peanuts, are incomplete proteins.{Ed/Au: are peanuts actually nuts, though? Aren’t they a legume (bean)?}
2.	Vegetables, such as winter squash, are incomplete proteins.
3.	Meats and poultry are complete proteins.
4.	Whole grains are incomplete proteins.

KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort | Cognitive Level: Comprehension

9.     An infant with phenylketonuria (PKU) lacks an enzyme to digest phenylalanine. To avoid mental retardation from an accumulation of toxic materials, the infant can consume only prescribed amounts of:

10.   Chocolate

11.   Milk

12.   Oats

13.   Wheat

Ans: 2

	Feedback
1.	Chocolate is not problematic in PKU
2.	Milk contains phenylalanine and must be restricted.
3.	Oats is not problematic in PKU
4.	Wheat is not problematic in PKU

KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential | Cognitive Level: Application

10.   The process of breaking down tissue is called:

11.   Anabolism

12.   Catabolism

13.   Metabolism

14.   Nitrogen imbalance

Ans: 2

	Feedback
1.	Anabolism refers to the building up of body tissues.
2.	Catabolism refers to the breakdown of body tissues.
3.	Metabolism refers to the processes that cells produce energy and necessary substances for life.
4.	Nitrogen balance occurs when the amount of nitrogen taken in equals the amount excreted.

KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort | Cognitive Level: Knowledge

11.   Regardless of its fat content, one meat exchange contains how many grams of protein?

12.   3

13.   5

14.   7

15.   9

Ans: 3

	Feedback
1.	Each meat exchange contains 7 grams of protein.
2.	Each meat exchange contains 7 grams of protein.
3.	Each meat exchange contains 7 grams of protein.
4.	Each meat exchange contains 7 grams of protein.

KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort | Cognitive Level: Knowledge

12.   The unique function of protein in the human body is to:

13.   Aid in digestion and absorption of fats

14.   Modify the passage time to excretion of selected medications

15.   Provide energy

16.   Serve as building materials for tissue repair

Ans: 4

	Feedback
1.	Proteins are not involved in digestion and storage of fats.
2.	Proteins do no modify the passage of time to excretion of medications.
3.	Proteins act as a substitute fuel, but their main function is not to provide energy.
4.	Proteins serve to maintain and promote tissue growth and repair.

KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort | Cognitive Level: Comprehension

13.   All proteins are composed of:

14.   Amino acids

15.   Hormones

16.   Antibody

17.   Enzymes

Ans: 1

	Feedback
1.	Amino acids are the building blocks of protein.
2.	Hormones are regulated by proteins.
3.	Antibodies are a special type of protein.
4.	Enzymes facilitate body function and require proteins to act.

KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort | Cognitive Level: Knowledge

14.   A client has been urged to consume high-quality protein foods. Which of the following choices for lunch would indicate that he or she is implementing the advice?

15.   Caesar salad with bacon instead of anchovies

16.   Grilled chicken salad

17.   Potato salad

18.   Three-bean salad

Ans: 2

	Feedback
1.	Meat, poultry, fish, eggs, milk, and cheese are good sources of protein. Salad is not; bacon is higher in fat than protein.
2.	Grilled chicken provides a good complete protein source.
3.	Meat, poultry, fish, eggs, milk, and cheese are good sources of protein. Potatoes are not.
4.	Although beans can be an important source of protein, it would be important to identify which types of beans are included in the salad.

KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort | Cognitive Level: Application

15.   After reviewing information about albumin, the student demonstrates a need for additional review based on which statement about albumin?

16.   It carries nutrients to tissues and cells.

17.   It affects the metabolism of medications.

18.   It is a minor blood protein.

19.   It helps with water balance.

Ans: 3

	Feedback
1.	Albumin is a transport protein that carries nutrients or elements to cells.
2.	Albumin plays a significant role in metabolism.
3.	Albumin is a major blood protein.
4.	Albumin aids in water balance.

KEY: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning | Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential | Cognitive Level: Analysis

16.   When assessing a patient, which of the following would the nurse identify as least likely indicating malnutrition?

17.   Frequent bouts of infection

18.   Low weight-for-height value

19.   Slow wound healing

20.   Hyperactivity

Ans: 4

	Feedback
1.	Malnutrition can affect immunity, making the person more susceptible to infection and diseases.
2.	Malnutrition is associated with low weight in relation to height.
3.	Malnutrition can affect healing, leading to slowed wound healing.
4.	Malnutrition is not associated with hyperactivity. The person may be lethargic.

KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | Cognitive Level: Application

17.   A vegan limits food intake to:

18.   Fruits, grains, nuts, and vegetables

19.   Eggs, fruits, grains, nuts, and vegetables

20.   Dairy products, fruits, grains, nuts, and vegetables

21.   Eggs, dairy products, fruits, grains, nuts, and vegetables

Ans: 1

	Feedback
1.	A vegan diet excludes all animal sources of protein, dairy products, and eggs. Thus, fruits, grain, nuts, and vegetables would be consumed.
2.	A vegan diet excludes all animal sources of protein, dairy products and eggs. Thus, fruits, grain, nuts, and vegetables would be consumed.
3.	A vegan diet excludes all animal sources of protein, dairy products and eggs. Thus fruits, grain, nuts, and vegetables would be consumed.
4.	A vegan diet excludes all animal sources of protein, dairy products and eggs. Thus fruits, grain, nuts, and vegetables would be consumed.

KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort | Cognitive Level: Comprehension

18.   The nurse is caring for a patient who is an ovolactovegetarian. The nurse understands that this patient’s food intake is limited to:

19.   Fruits, grains, nuts, and vegetables

20.   Eggs, fruits, grains, nuts, and vegetables

21.   Dairy products, fruits, grains, nuts, and vegetables

22.   Eggs, dairy products, fruits, grains, nuts, and vegetables

Ans: 4

	Feedback
1.	An ovolactovegetarian does not consume meat, fish, and poultry but does eat dairy products and eggs in addition to fruit, grains, nuts, and vegetables.
2.	An ovolactovegetarian does not consume meat, fish, and poultry but does eat dairy products and eggs in addition to fruit, grains, nuts, and vegetables.
3.	An ovolactovegetarian does not consume meat, fish, and poultry but does eat dairy products and eggs in addition to fruit, grains, nuts, and vegetables.
4.	An ovolactovegetarian does not consume meat, fish, and poultry but does eat dairy products and eggs in addition to fruit, grains, nuts, and vegetables.

KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort | Cognitive Level: Application

19.   Clients are instructed to estimate the size of a 3-ounce portion of boneless meat by comparing it to:

20.   A quarter-cup measuring cup

21.   A center-cut regular pork chop

22.   A deck of cards

23.   The top of a 1-lb can

Ans: 3

	Feedback
1.	A standard deck of playing cards is used to estimate the size of a 3-ounce portion.
2.	A standard deck of playing cards is used to estimate the size of a 3-ounce portion.
3.	A standard deck of playing cards is used to estimate the size of a 3-ounce portion.
4.	A standard deck of playing cards is used to estimate the size of a 3-ounce portion.

KEY: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning | Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort | Cognitive Level: Application

20.   Sickle cell anemia results from which of the following?

21.   One incorrect amino acid in the hemoglobin molecule

22.   Nutritional deficiency of iron-rich foods

23.   Congenital defect of blood vessel structure

24.   Infection by the AIDS virus

Ans: 1

	Feedback
1.	In sickle cell anemia, one amino acid has been replaced by another at one specific location on the protein chain.
2.	Sickle cell anemia does not involve a nutritional deficiency of iron-rich foods.
3.	Sickle cell anemia does not involve a congenital defect of the blood vessel structure.
4.	Sickle cell anemia does not involve an infection by the AIDS virus.

KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation| Cognitive Level: Comprehension

21.   Which of the following individuals should a nurse in the United States monitor carefully because of the risk for protein-calorie malnutrition?

22.   Infant, 6 months of age and at average weight for age

23.   Woman, 37 years of age, at 115% of healthy body weight, who diets regularly

24.   Man, 60 years of age, who dines in restaurants 4 nights per week

25.   Woman, 90 years of age, resident of a nursing home after a fractured hip

Ans: 4

	Feedback
1.	Protein-calorie malnutrition is not common in infants who are of average weight for age.
2.	Protein-calorie malnutrition is not a concern in a woman of healthy body weight who diets regularly.
3.	Protein-calorie malnutrition would not be a concern in a man, age 60 who eats in restaurants 4 times per week.
4.	Protein-calorie malnutrition is a concern for persons who are institutionalized, such as a 90-year-old woman in a nursing home with a fractured hip.

KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential | Cognitive Level: Analysis

22.   Which of the following exchanges has the most protein?

23.   Meat

24.   Milk

25.   Starch/bread

26.   Vegetable

Ans: 2

	Feedback
1.	Meat provides 7 grams of protein, which is less than milk.
2.	Milk provides 8 grams of protein, which is greater than meat; meat supplies 7 grams of protein.
3.	Starches provide little if any protein.
4.	Vegetables provide little if any protein.

KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort | Cognitive Level: Comprehension

23.   An infant develops malnutrition associated with weaning from breast milk. The nurse would interpret this as which of the following?

24.   Kwashiorkor

25.   Marasmus

26.   Nitrogen imbalance

27.   Protein-calorie malnutrition (PCM)

Ans: 1

	Feedback
1.	Kwashiorkor occurs in a child shortly after weaning from breast milk.
2.	Marasmus occurs when the person consumes too few kilocalories and insufficient protein.
3.	Nitrogen balance occurs when the intake of nitrogen equals the amount excreted.
4.	Protein-calorie malnutrition is a type of nutrition resulting from inadequate food intake, often when the person is institutionalized and unable to self-feed.

KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | Cognitive Level: Application

24.   A nurse is teaching a patient about incomplete proteins, specifically legumes. The nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the patient identifies which of the following as legumes?

25.   Corn, lima beans, and almonds

26.   Green beans, green peas, and walnuts

27.   Mung bean sprouts, sesame seeds, and cashews

28.   Soybeans, lentils, and peanuts

Ans: 4

	Feedback
1.	Corn and almonds are not legumes; lima beans are legumes.
2.	Green beans, green peas, and walnuts are not legumes.
3.	Mung bean sprouts, sesame seeds, and cashews are not considered legumes
4.	Soybeans, lentils, and peanuts are considered legumes.

KEY: Integrated Process: Teaching and Learning | Client Need: Basic Care and Comfort | Cognitive Level: Analysis

25.   Which of the following is considered a nonessential amino acid?

26.   Leucine

27.   Phenylalanine

28.   Glycine

29.   Tryptophan

Ans: 3

	Feedback
1.	Leucine is an essential amino acid.
2.	Phenylalanine is an essential amino acid.
3.	Glycine is a nonessential amino acid.
4.	Tryptophan is an essential amino acid.

KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process| Client Need: Basic Care and Comfort | Cognitive Level: Knowledge