Many Europe’s Choice and Chance in Western Civilization 1st Edition Test Bank
Follow Below Link to
Download File
Email us for original and Plagiarism Free
Work At ( info.homeworklance@gmail.com ) or order us at
View Sample Chapter Below:
Chapter 4
The Roman Republic: Survival and Success
MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS
1. What is the central question of Polybius’s
forty-book history?
2. How did a single city subdue an entire world?
3. How did the people of Italy come to believe it
was their destiny to conquer Carthage?
4. How could the Greeks persuade the Romans to
adopt Greek civilization?
5. Why did the Romans abandon their republican
institutions in favor of an empire?
Answer: a
Page: 104
2. Politically, the Roman Republic was guided by
3. tribunes.
4. the patriarchy.
5. the Senate.
6. a monarchy.
Answer: c
Page: 104
3. To elevate their past, imperial Romans joined
their history to that of the
4. Persians.
5. Egyptians.
6. Etruscans.
7. Greeks.
Answer: d
Page: 105
4. Herodotus, along with recent but contested DNA
studies, suggest that the Etruscans came to Italy from
5. Greece.
6. Lydia.
7. Carthage.
8. Troy.
Answer: b
Page: 105
5. Which of the following statements about the
Etruscan language is true?
6. We possess no samples of Etruscan script in
written form.
7. Despite samples of Etruscan script, its
precise meaning has never been deciphered.
8. Etruscan script looks nothing like any other
known script.
9. Etruscan script will never be deciphered
because there are no bilingual texts to aid in the translation.
Answer: b
Page: 105
6.
Etruscan cities
established trading and diplomatic contacts with the great Mediterranean
powers, particularly with the
7.
Romans and
Carthaginians.
8.
Phoenicians and
Egyptians.
9.
Greeks and
Carthaginians.
10.
Greeks and Iberians.
Answer: c
Page: 107
7. The Latins first migrated to central Italy
around
8. 2000 BCE.
9. 1000 BCE.
10. 100 BCE.
11. 1000 CE.
Answer: b
Page: 107
8. The last three of Rome’s legendary kings were
9. Latins.
10. Greeks.
11. Samnites.
12. Etruscans.
Answer: d
Page: 108
9.
Among the Etruscan
contributions to Rome’s political and religious formation was the introduction
of the practice of
10.
augury.
11.
philosophy.
12.
democratic rule.
13.
hoplite warfare.
Answer: a
Page: 108
10. How did the city-state of Rome succeed where
the Etruscan and Greek cities failed?
11. Rome managed to create and preserve a
democratic form of government.
12. Rome developed a strong commercial base in the
eastern Mediterranean.
13. Rome became a city that dominated and
incorporated surrounding lands and peoples.
14. Rome left an enduring cultural legacy.
Answer: c
Page: 109
11. The divine forces that Iron-Age Romans
believed dominated their world were called
12. the Capitoline gods.
13. numina.
14. fasces.
15. haruspicy.
Answer: b
Page: 109
12. Why did Polybius think that the Roman Republic
had a perfectly balanced form of mixed government?
13. There was no written constitution and the
Republic’s rules and practices were constantly evolving.
14. The state fixed the calendar and sanctioned
the institutionalization of archaic religious practices.
15. Romans had developed a fully formed government
designed to prevent the return of kingship.
16. The consuls represented the monarchic
principle, the Senate the oligarchic or aristocratic, and the assembly of the
people the democratic.
Answer: d
Page: 109
13. Why did Romans divide power in their
government between the two guardians of the Republic, each of whom could veto
the actions of the other?
14. to introduce a system of checks to limit the
power of a single ruler
15. to limit the consul’s term to a single year
16. to choose magistrates to guide the state
17. to ensure that the Roman lower classes would
play no role in Roman affairs
Answer: a
Page: 110
14. Which of the following played a critical role
in the change in Roman military strategy after 400 BCE?
15. the rise of the Curiate and Centuriate
assemblies
16. the emergence of the phalanx as the chief body
of warriors used in battle
17. the diminishing role of the Roman lower
classes in the infantry and in Roman affairs
18. the expansion of the military power of
horsemen (masters of cavalry) in the Roman military
Answer: b
Page: 110
15. Among the factors leading to the sheer
complexity of Roman politics was the
16. lack of political representation for Roman
warriors.
17. frequent interference of the Greeks and
Etruscans in Roman affairs.
18. rapid expansion of the Roman military.
19. unfixed character of Rome’s unwritten
constitution.
Answer: d
Page: 110
16. The Roman Senate was composed mostly of
17. patricians.
18. plebeians.
19. equestrians.
20. soldiers.
Answer: a
Page: 110
17. During this time, Rome would best be described
as a(n)
18. democracy.
19. oligarchy.
20. theocracy.
21. aristocracy.
Answer: b
Page: 110
18. What were the two chief citizen orders into
which Roman society was divided?
19. oligarchs and plutocrats
20. tribunes and consuls
21. patricians and plebeians
22. Etruscans and Latins
Answer: c
Page: 110
19. Among the ways aristocrats sought to maintain
their pre-eminence within the Roman state was by
20. encouraging the expansion of slavery.
21. reminding everyone of their superior Etruscan
origins.
22. reducing the complexity of the Roman
constitution.
23. keeping plebeians in debt.
Answer: d
Page: 111
20. The main operating unit of the Roman world was
the
21. Senate.
22. extended family.
23. polis.
24. phalanx.
Answer: b
Page: 111
21. The ________ was the head of the large family
unit in Rome.
22. materfamilias
23. patrician
24. augur
25. paterfamilias
Answer: d
Page: 112
22. One of the most influential ordering forces
throughout most of Roman history was the institution of
23. clientage.
24. plebeians.
25. pontiffs.
26. consuls.
Answer: a
Page: 112
23. In 390–387 BCE, Rome was threatened by an
invasion of northern Italy by the
24. Etruscans.
25. Carthaginians.
26. Gauls.
27. Egyptians.
Answer: c
Page: 114
24. What people did the Romans focus on subduing
after the defeat of the invading Gauls?
25. Etruscans
26. Latins
27. Greeks
28. Carthaginians
Answer: b
Page: 114
25. In the fourth century BCE, the Republic
replaced the phalanx with the
26. legion.
27. equestrian cavalry.
28. curule.
29. trireme.
Answer: a
Page: 114
26. How did Rome gradually integrate Italy into a
greater Roman cultural and historical entity?
27. by developing a complex, mixed constitutional
government
28. by substituting the legion for the phalanx
29. by treating its allies as part of its
expanding territory
30. by enslaving or expelling the populations of
all the cities it conquered
Answer: c
Page: 114
27. The first reason for Rome’s success lay in
Rome’s location
28. on the eastern side of Italy, close to the
Balkans.
29. in the far south of Italy, far from the
Etruscan heartland.
30. in the north of Italy, close to trade routes
with Gaul.
31. on the western side of Italy, near the middle
of the Italian peninsula.
Answer: d
Page: 115
28. The Roman government institutionalized
29. war.
30. peacemaking.
31. democracy.
32. plutocracy.
Answer: a
Page: 116
29. Rome promoted the economic and social
integration of Italy through its
30. conquest of Carthage.
31. development into a military state.
32. system of roads built for military purposes.
33. organization of large athletic festivals.
Answer: c
Page: 115
30. Which of the following most accurately
describes the goal of Rome’s military expansion during the Republican period?
31. conquest of the known world
32. land, resources, and territorial integrity
33. control of the Mediterranean trade routes
34. access to the wealth of Asia
Answer: b
Page: 117
31. Among the core virtues that guided Roman males
were
32. industria, frugalitas, and fides.
33. courage, gravitas, and introspection.
34. piety, glory, and avarice.
35. fides, clientage, and gloria.
Answer: a
Page: 117
32. Why did the Roman military machine operate so
successfully?
33. It was based on legions manned mostly by
prisoners taken in battle.
34. Wealthy aristocratic patrons were willing to
use their fortunes to fund the army.
35. Most of the soldiers were experienced
equestrians.
36. It was driven by the individual’s desire to achieve
glory.
Answer: d
Page: 117
33. Romans thought of war as a
34. money-making venture.
35. religious rite.
36. necessary evil.
37. opportunity to diffuse Roman culture.
Answer: b
Page: 118
34. Romans summoned the gods of another city to
their side with the
35. evocatio.
36. vocation.
37. augury.
38. pietas.
Answer: a
Page: 118
35. The Pontifex Maximus controlled the Roman
36. army.
37. Senate.
38. calendar.
39. aristocracy.
Answer: c
Page: 119
36. The cult of Vesta serves as an example of how
Romans
37. venerated only male deities.
38. reserved their holiest temples for the
aristocracy.
39. focused little time and energy on religious
rituals.
40. integrated religion into daily life.
Answer: d
Page: 119
37. Why did the manpower available to Rome to
conduct wars increase with each conquest?
38. Rome enslaved most of the populations they
conquered.
39. Success in war attracted foreign soldiers to
Rome’s armies.
40. Rome’s ally system brought conscripts to its
armies from its new allies.
41. Rome was now wealthy enough to hire large
numbers of mercenaries.
Answer: c
Page: 120
38. In the Punic Wars, Rome fought against and
ultimately conquered
39. Carthage.
40. Etruria.
41. the Samnites.
42. Greece.
Answer: a
Page: 122
39. Factors that worked in Rome’s favor during its
wars with Carthage include
40. Rome’s superior navy and maritime trade.
41. Rome’s stable government and superior
financial resources.
42. Carthage’s reliance on mercenaries and
plantation agriculture.
43. Carthage’s focus on maritime trade and neglect
of its navy.
Answer: b
Page: 121
40. In the Battle of Carthage in 255 BCE, what wreaked
havoc with Rome’s legions of disciplined soldiers?
41. the corvus
42. Carthaginian quinqueremes
43. mercenaries from Numidia
44. elephants
Answer: d
Page: 121
41. What was Hannibal’s plan during the Second
Punic War?
42. to use Rome’s own invention, the corvus,
against it
43. to invade Greece and draw Roman armies away
from North Africa
44. to invade Italy and win over Rome’s Italian
allies
45. to bring Carthage’s war with its own
rebellious mercenaries to an end
Answer: c
Page: 122
42. The Second Punic War was chiefly a contest
over different
43. systems of territorial expansion and the
treatment of subjected peoples.
44. political systems and sources of commercial
wealth.
45. economic systems and the expansion of slavery.
46. religious beliefs and control of Mediterranean
commercial routes.
Answer: a
Page: 122
43. After defeating Carthage, Rome next declared
war against
44. the Seleucid kingdom.
45. Macedonia.
46. Egypt.
47. Athens.
Answer: b
Page: 123
44. One reflection of Rome’s growing
sophistication at the start of the second century was the emergence of the
45. cult of the Vestal Virgins.
46. abandonment of augury.
47. emergence of Latin literature.
48. abolition of slavery.
Answer: c
Page: 125
45. The denarius was made possible, in part, by
the establishment of what by the Roman Senate in 289 BCE?
46. ancestor cults
47. an academy staffed by Greek slaves
48. the coliseum
49. a mint
Answer: d
Page: 125
46. Which of the following statements about Roman
traders in the east is the most accurate?
47. They often settled, married Greek women, and
achieved prominent roles in society.
48. They preferred to use bronze currency rather
than drachma.
49. They were often frustrated by foreign laws and
returned to Rome.
50. They broke all ties with commercial entities
based in Rome.
Answer: a
Page: 125
47. The two greatest Roman comic writers were
48. Plautus and Terence.
49. Terence and Menander.
50. Cato and Plautus.
51. Scipio Aemilianus and Menander.
Answer: a
Page: 127
48. In the year 146 BCE, Rome destroyed which two
famous ancient cities?
49. Athens and Sparta
50. Corinth and Troy
51. Carthage and Alexandria
52. Corinth and Carthage
Answer: d
Page: 125
49. The year 146 BCE was a watershed in the
transition of Rome from
50. a land-based power to a naval one.
51. a republic to a quasi-empire.
52. a monarchy to a republic.
53. a military to a commercial power.
Answer: b
Page: 128
50. Among the threats the Roman Republic faced
after 146 BCE was
51. imperial overreach.
52. the revival of Carthage.
53. the growing might of Persia.
54. declining trade in the Mediterranean.
Answer: a
Page: 128
ESSAY QUESTIONS
51. How would you answer Polybius’s question
regarding how Rome succeeded in subduing the entire world? What were the keys
to Rome’s successful conquest, first of Italy, and then of the eastern
Mediterranean?
52. Why was the government of Rome so complex in
the Republican period? How did this complexity serve the interests of Rome?
53. Why was religion such a central facet of Roman
culture and everyday life? What did Romans and their state want from a cult
such as that of the Vestal Virgins?
54. How and why did Rome win the Punic Wars? What
was the impact of that victory on the history of Rome and the Mediterranean
world?
55. Discuss the nature of Rome’s engagement with
the Mediterranean world after the Second Carthaginian War. Why did isolationist
tendencies in Rome ultimately lose out to engagement?
56. Discuss the text’s statement: “As with so much
else in Roman life, it may have been war rather than commerce that moved Rome
in a new direction.”
57. Why did Latin literature have a surprisingly
slow beginning despite the fact that there were writing cultures all around
Rome? How did Roman literature develop during the Republican period?
Comments
Post a Comment